Penjelasan Rinci Struktur Kepala Penempatan Mesin Penempatan Teknologi Surface Mount (SMT) Hanwha
Semua orang tahu bahwa mesin penempatan adalah peralatan paling inti pada jalur produksi SMT (Surface Mount Technology), tapi bagaimana dengan kepala penempatan?Mereka adalah tangan dan mata dari seluruh mesin.. It directly determines whether you stick it quickly, accurately and steadily. Hari ini,let's specifically talk about Hanwha's surface mount technology (sebelumnya dikenal sebagai Samsung's surface mount technology). What does its placement head look like, how does it work, and what key technologies are hidden inside?
Jangan khawatir. kita tidak akan berbicara tentang istilah yang rumit dan luar biasa.
I. Apa itu kepala penempatan?
The Placement Head, juga dikenal sebagai placement head dalam bahasa Inggris, is simply the actuator used by the surface mount technology (SMT) machine to "attach components".It is responsible for bringing the suction nozzle to the feeder to suck up the components. Ini bertanggung jawab untuk membawa suction nozzle ke feeder untuk mengisap komponen., dan kemudian dengan cepat memindahkannya ke posisi target pada papan PCB untuk dengan akurat menempatkan komponen.
Jadi apa yang membuat kepala mounting Hanwha begitu mengesankan?dan adaptif untuk berbagai macam komponen.
The basic structure of Hanwha mounting heads
II. Struktur Dasar dari Kepala Mounting Hanwha
Hanwha's surface mount technology (SMT) placement machines come in several mainstream configurations, including high-speed placement heads,dan precision placement headsNamun, struktur dasar mereka mirip dan terutama terdiri dari bagian berikut:
1. X/Y/Z three-axis control module
Sama seperti "bahu, lengan dan pergelangan tangan" dari lengan robot, itu bertanggung jawab untuk mengendalikan gerakan tepat dari kepala mounting di tiga arah maju dan mundur,kiri dan kanan, and up and down, ensuring that each movement can be accurately positioned and the landing point is neither off nor off. dan up and down, ensuring that each movement can be accurately positioned and the landing point is neither off nor off
Pada mesin Hanwha, sumbu Z sangat penting - itu mengontrol gerakan atas dan bawah dari suction nozzle.Membuatnya kurang mungkin untuk merusak komponen.
2. Sistem rotasi sumbu R
This part is somewhat like the "wrist" of the mounting head, which can rotate freely 360 degrees.yang tidak bisa diputar secara acak, the R-axis has to be used to adjust the orientation to ensure that each component is placed on the PCB board at the correct Angle.
3. Nozzle seat & Nozzle replacement structure
There are usually multiple Nozzle sockets on the mounting head, such as the common 4-head, 6-head, and 8-head mounting heads, and each head can independently suck components.
The remarkable feature of Hanwha's surface mount technology (SMT) placement machine lies in its support for an automatic nozzle changing system.mesin akan secara otomatis mengganti nozzles yang tepat berdasarkan jenis komponen. When multiple varieties are mixed and pasted like this, there is no need to stop the machine for manual replacement, and the efficiency has been greatly improved.
4. Sistem vakum
The placement head has to rely on negative pressure (vacuum) to lift the components.if they are picked up off-center, crooked or not picked up at all, it will automatically alarm or remove them to prevent missing parts or misalignment during mounting.
This system may seem unremarkable at first glance, but whether it adheres steadily or not and whether the components will fall off all depend on whether it makes mistakes in the "suction" step. Sistem ini mungkin tampak tidak menonjol pada pandangan pertama, tapi apakah sistem ini menempel dengan mantap atau tidak dan apakah komponen-komponennya akan jatuh semua tergantung pada apakah sistem ini membuat kesalahan pada langkah "suction".
5Sistem Identitas Visual (kamera + pencahayaan)
The mounting head also integrates a "visual system", which is equivalent to its eyes.
- Top/Bottom Camera: Mengidentifikasi orientasi komponen dan posisi pin;
- Flight photography function: Directly take photos for recognition while the placement head is moving at high speed, saving a lot of time.
- Precise positioning function: Memastikan bahwa komponen dapat secara otomatis memperbaiki posturnya bahkan jika Angle sedikit off selama suction.
This part directly determines the mounting accuracy, especially when mounting high-demand components such as BGA, QFP, and irregular devices, the vision system serves as the ballast stone.
Iii. Perbedaan fungsional antara kepala pemasangan yang berbeda
The configuration of the placement head may vary slightly depending on the model of Hanwha machines (such as SM485, SM471, and Decan series)
- Kepala penempatan kecepatan tinggi: Generally 8-nozzle or 10-nozzle, specifically designed for standard devices such as 0402 and 0603, prioritizing speed.
- Multi-functional placement head: It has fewer ports (such as 4 ports), but is compatible with more components and is suitable for the placement of irregular-shaped parts and ics.
- Precision placement head: Focusing on ultra-small components and precision QFP, it is a bit slower but has extremely high accuracy.
Bagaimana untuk mengkonfigurasi jalur produksi tergantung pada apakah jalur produksi Anda berfokus pada kapasitas produksi atau presisi.
IV. Matters to Note When Using the mounting Head in Daily Life (Hal yang Perlu Diperhatikan Saat Menggunakan Kepala Mounting)
Although the structure of the placement head is rather complex, if the following points can be followed in daily maintenance, the failure rate can be effectively reduced. Meskipun struktur kepala penempatan agak kompleks, jika poin-poin berikut dapat diikuti dalam pemeliharaan harian, tingkat kegagalan dapat secara efektif dikurangi
- Check the suction nozzle every day to see if it is clogged or worn.
- Perhatikan pemantauan kekuatan vacuum suction.
- Regularly clean the visual system lenses to prevent dust from interfering with recognition accuracy.
- The height of the Z-axis setting should be adjusted in advance.
- Pay attention to the synchronization of the nozzle model corresponding to the table when changing the wire to prevent the wrong components from being attached.
V. Peran Kepala Penempatan dalam Seluruh Proses Produksi
The placement head is not an independent component. It, along with the feeder, PCB platform, vision system, and control software, is a core member of a complete closed-loop system.
Untuk meningkatkan tingkat hasil, mengurangi bagian terbang dan menghindari rework, selain menyesuaikan parameter perangkat lunak secara akurat, kesehatan kepala penempatan sangat penting.It is not as prone to failure as a servo motor (Ini tidak mudah gagal seperti servo motor), tapi masalah kecil dapat mempengaruhi irama dari seluruh jalur produksi.
Beberapa pikiran acak di akhir (tapi sangat praktis)
Seringkali, kita berpikir bahwa kelamaan peralatan adalah karena masalah perangkat lunak atau program.the clogging of the suction nozzle (penyekatan dari suction nozzle), dan kehilangan tekanan dari sistem vakum, yang merupakan masalah kecil yang menahan kemajuan.
In essence, the placement head is the "working arm" of the surface mount technology (SMT) machine.Meningkatkan efisiensi dan mempertahankan akurasi.
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